U.S. government sanctions limited sea lion killings

PORTLAND, Oregon (Reuters) - The U.S. government has sanctioned the limited killing of sea lions, which have feasted on endangered Columbia River salmon, in the states of Oregon and Washington.

The decision on Thursday by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) marked the latest reversal in the federal government's position on sanctioned killing of California sea lions.

It upset animal rights advocates, who argue the creatures are unfairly blamed for low fish stocks.

The hungry sea lions swim 140 miles upstream and cluster at the Bonneville Dam, on the border between Oregon and Washington state, to eat salmon and steelhead trout as the fish head up the Columbia River to spawn. That is seen by the states as a threat to the recovery of the fish.

But?animal protection activists charge fishing, hatchery practices, hydroelectric dam barriers, and environmental degradation pose a far greater risk.

The sea lions most actively gorge on fish between early April and late May, during the height of the Chinook salmon run. The four-year NOAA authorization on sea lion killings is effective from March 20 until May 2016.

NOAA said its order allows 92 seal lions a year to be killed or removed, but the agency estimates only 25 to 30 are likely to be taken. Under the authorization, the fish-eating pinnipeds can be killed only if aquariums or zoos will not accept them.

Since 2008, states along the Columbia River have killed 28 sea lions and 10 of the animals have been sent to facilities, according to NOAA.

"We are very disappointed in this decision," said Sharon Young, marine issues field director for the Humane Society of the United States. "Lethal management is not necessary and will do nothing to help the salmon."

Idaho was also given the same power as Washington state and Oregon to target sea lions, even though the animals do not venture into Idaho. The inland state was included in the order because its fish stocks are hurt by the predators downriver.

Many stocks of Columbia River basin Chinook salmon and steelhead are protected under the U.S. Endangered Species Act.?The sea lions are guarded under the Marine Mammal Protection Act, which is why the states must have permission to target them.

In July 2011, NOAA withdrew permission it had granted to Oregon and Washington to cull sea lions to protect fish stocks. That came two months after the Humane Society filed a lawsuit challenging an earlier federal authorization of sea lion killings at the Bonneville Dam.

That lawsuit has since been dropped, and the states re-applied with the federal government to target the sea lions.

Between less than 1 percent and 4 percent of the salmon run along the Columbia River is eaten by sea lions, according to NOAA.

As for California sea lions, they number nearly 300,000 along the West Coast, and biologists estimate that more than 9,000 of the animals could die from interactions with humans, such as ship strikes or fish net entanglements, without harming the species, NOAA said in a statement.

The NOAA order only allows the states to kill sea lions if they are clearly eating salmon, even after hazing from wildlife managers such as the use of firecrackers and rubber buckshot.

(Editing By Alex Dobuzinskis)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/u-government-sanctions-limited-sea-lion-killings-140702089.html

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Wild orangutans stressed by eco-tourists, but not for long

Friday, March 16, 2012

Wild orangutans that have come into contact with eco-tourists over a period of years show an immediate stress response but no signs of chronic stress, unlike other species in which permanent alterations in stress responses have been documented, new research from an Indiana University anthropologist has found.

IU anthropologist Michael P. Muehlenbein can't say yet what makes the wild orangutans of Borneo deal with stress differently than other species in other locations, but an analysis of orangutan stress hormone levels recorded before, during and after the apes interacted in the wild with eco-tourists found evidence of acute elevation of the stress hormone cortisol the day of an interaction, with levels then returning to baseline afterward.

By analyzing fecal glucocorticoid metabolite (fGM) levels of orangutans in the Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary in Sabah, Malaysia, the team led by Muehlenbein was looking to, among other things, gather evidence about levels of disturbance on wildlife exposed to eco-tourism, a multi-billion-dollar-a-year industry that is growing annually. Red Ape Encounters, a community-owned and -operated eco-tourism program in Sabah that assisted with the research, facilitates the only trekking program for wild orangutans in the world.

"Revenue can enhance economic opportunities for the locales involved, and it can support environmental education, protect natural and cultural heritage, and be used to conserve biodiversity," Muehlenbein said. "But rapid, unmonitored development of nature-based tourism can also lead to habitat degradation and negative impacts on the very species we wish to protect. Given the increasing demand of tourists to encounter wild orangutans, it is critical to evaluate any potential physiological effects this and future programs may have on this charismatic and endangered species."

Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus morio) are considered an endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, which produces the Red List of Threatened Species.

Eco-tourism guidelines used by Red Ape Encounters include limiting visitation groups to seven people for no more than one hour; excluding sick tourists; maintaining a 10-meter minimum distance; and requiring appropriate behavior. The company hosts about 250 tourists per year, with most of the visitor activity centered on the two wild habituated orangutans used in the study: Jenny, an adult approximately 32 years old, and her 11-year-old son Etin.

To produce the results, researchers collected fecal samples from Jenny and Etin in association with 25 unique tourism visits, along with fecal samples collected from several previously unidentified wild unhabituated orangutans. After developing standardized hormone degradation rates through earlier comparative studies of samples from captive orangutans at Cleveland Metroparks Zoo and those from two other wild orangutans in Borneo, the team was able to collect samples within an optimum time after defecation in order to limit the effects of time-based physiological processes that degrade samples.

"When we compared samples from Jenny and Etin obtained the day before, the day of and the day after tourist visitation, we found that stress hormone levels were significantly elevated in samples collected the day after tourist visitation, which is indicative of elevated cortisol production on the previous day," Muehlenbein said. "As for the unknown wild orangutans that we were also able to gather samples from, we found numerically, but not statistically, higher stress hormone levels in these animals following contact with researchers than in the habituated animals."

Different species and populations of animals likely react differently to human exposure, and those differences may be due to variation in tourism intensity (including distance between animals and visitors), the animal's stage of habituation, animal temperament, and even the presence of adequate coping or escape mechanisms, he believes.

"Transiently elevated stress hormone levels must be interpreted conservatively, as these may simply reflect normal responses to stimuli," Muehlenbein said. "But nature-based tourism programs that result in permanent alterations of stress physiology in their animals cannot be viewed as sustainable. However, low levels of predictable disturbance likely result in low physiological impact on these orangutans."

On a wider scale, he pointed out, animal usage should be kept minimal -- at least for pregnant females and ill animals and during times of resource restriction -- and the habituation processes gradual for all animals involved in eco-tourism.

###

Indiana University: http://newsinfo.iu.edu

Thanks to Indiana University for this article.

This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.

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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/118481/Wild_orangutans_stressed_by_eco_tourists__but_not_for_long

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Emotional Support Animal - Legal Help

This is a discussion on Emotional Support Animal within the Real Estate and Property Law Questions forums, part of the Legal Questions & Answers Forum category; My little sister suffers from depression and anxiety. Her doctor wrote her a letter saying she has a right to an emotional support animal, but our landlord refused to have ...

  1. My little sister suffers from depression and anxiety. Her doctor wrote her a letter saying she has a right to an emotional support animal, but our landlord refused to have any pets on the property. I read that in america, the landlord must let the tenant have a pet if they have a doctors letter. What are our rights in australia?

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    I am unfamiliar with laws in Australia however in the US, just because a doctor states that a patient has a right to have an animal, doesn't necessarily mean the landlord must allow her to have it. Having an animal could be considered a right if an individual has a disability and needs the animal to function as a member of society.
    Legal Disclaimer: Answers to questions on this forum are for informational and educational purposes only and do not constitute Legal Advice. No attorney-client relationship is established through this forum.

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How do Olympians come back from devastating injury?

Tiffany O?Callaghan, CultureLab editor

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(Image: The Hunterian Museum at the Royal College of Surgeons)

With its vast assortment of medical curiosities displayed in glass jars throughout a two-story atrium, the Hunterian Museum in London can bring out the curious Victorian scientist in anyone. A collection well worth a visit any time of year, now in the lead-up to the summer Olympics, the museum has additional appeal for those eager to admire more modern medical marvels.??

A collaboration between the Royal College of Surgeons, where the museum is housed, and the Medical Artists Association of Great Britain, the new Anatomy of an Athlete exhibition helps visitors visualise the way that surgeons can help elite athletes recover from serious injury - or indeed overcome physical disability - to excel in sports.

In three of the works on display, medical artists examined Olympic sports and the injuries that can befall elite athletes - or ways that they use training to increase their strength.

In a film that combines animation and live footage of an Olympic canoeist, Catherine Sulzmann demonstrates how an athlete who depends so much on upper body strength might suffer from a devastating shoulder injury. British canoeist Etienne Stott dislocated his shoulder last year while training at the Lee Valley White Water Centre, which was built especially for the 2012 Olympics. Stott also tore the cartilage in his shoulder socket (labrum), and the tendon that enables the arm to rotate (the subscapularis). In the fascinating film, Sulzmann shows not only how the injury happened, but how surgeons were able to repair Stott?s shoulder and help him return to his former strength. Less than a year after the injury, he and his teammates took home a bronze medal at the world canoe slalom championships.

For her exploration of field hockey, artist Joanna Culley went to watch Britain?s team practice.? For her contribution to the exhibition, Culley uses a life-size cut-out of British hockey player Richard Smith at practice to show how exercise can strengthen the heart and improve bone density - with blown up watercolours of the inner workings of his heart, knee and shoulder. His heart is contrasted? with a watercolour of an unhealthy heart, to demonstrate the benefits of being active. ?It?s not just Olympic athletes - I wanted it to be applicable to you and me,? Culley says.?

Emily Evans, a medical illustrator and anatomy demonstrator at the University of Cambridge, worked with a surgeon who specialises in sports injuries for her series showing how elite hurdlers might rupture a hamstring - muscles in the back of the thigh including the semimembranosus, semitendinosus and biceps femoris - and how surgeons can reattach these crucial muscles to get an athlete running, and then leaping, again.?

Perhaps the most fascinating part of this small exhibition is the extraordinary anatomically correct wax sculpture created by artists Richard Neave and Denise Smith. The sculpture is based on the Paralympic athlete Richard Whitehead, who was born without legs below the knee and competes in sprinting on steel blades in place of lower legs and feet. The scaled-down model exposes the intricate musculature beneath his skin. For the sculpture, Neave first created scaffolding of a steel rib-cage, then added layers of wax musculature bit by bit - to create ?the contours on the surface of what is lying beneath?. When Neave finished creating the sculpture, Smith painted its surface with painstaking care and the two attached scaled versions of the Ossur blades the sprinter uses to compete. The finished product makes it clear how Whitehead?s upper body is crucial to his success. ?It is the upper part of his body that swings his legs,? says Neave, who met with the athlete before creating the sculpture.

The one shortcoming of Anatomy of an Athlete is that it is a disappointingly small exhibition. Tucked away in a small gallery at the back of the Hunterian Museum, it offers some insight into the wondrous workings of the world?s most capable athletes - and the surgeries that can bring them back from serious injury - but mostly piques your curiosity to learn even more.?

Anatomy of an Athlete is on display at the Hunterian Museum until 29 September.

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USA: CODA Automotive Selects Martin Automotive Group and ...

LOS ANGELES, March 14, 2012 /PRNewswire via COMTEX/ ? CODA Automotive, a leading developer of all-electric vehicles, today announced award-winning Martin Automotive Group in West Los Angeles and Fladeboe Automotive Group in Irvine, Calif. as its first dealers in the Los Angeles region. Both dealers will showcase the 2012 CODA sedan, the manufacturer?s all-electric flagship vehicle, when it initiates sales to consumers in the Los Angeles region.
Source marketwatch.com

Source: http://www.4evriders.org/2012/03/usa-coda-automotive-selects-martin-automotive-group-and-fladeboe-automotive-group-as-first-los-angeles-and-orange-county-dealers/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=usa-coda-automotive-selects-martin-automotive-group-and-fladeboe-automotive-group-as-first-los-angeles-and-orange-county-dealers

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Let's Watch Siri Murder My Most Favorite Song for a Minute [Video]

Stairway to Heaven by Led Zeppelin is one of the greatest songs ever recorded. Don't try to argue it, you can't. It's so good, you can play it at your wedding and your funeral. But it's not quite as good as when Apple's robosistant tries to take the lead. More »


Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/hnaWJXHWDqo/lets-watch-siri-murder-my-most-favorite-song-for-a-minute

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Southern exposure for the 'northern lights'

ESA / NASA

A picture from the International Space Station, provided Saturday by Dutch astronaut Andre Kuipers, shows southern lights between Antarctica and Australia.

By Alan Boyle

Most of the fantastic auroral views we've been getting over the past month have been from the north side of the world?? but the southern lights are getting their day in the sun as well, thanks largely to the International Space Station.

The northern lights are more widely seen primarily because the high northern latitudes are more populated than similar latitudes in the south: The southernmost cities in Australia and New Zealand are in the 40s, latitude-wise, while Argentina and Chile dip down into the mid-50s. In comparison, the prime aurora-viewing areas in the north are in the 60s and 70s.


The International Space Station flies as far as 51.6 north and south latitude on every orbit, and its astronauts have a far more commanding view of the polar regions than earthly skywatchers. So it's no surprise that they're regularly seeing the auroral glow during the current period of heightened solar activity. Right now, the station's crew is in the midst of a viewing campaign that's being coordinated with the Canadian Space Agency's AuroraMAX project. Some of the reddish glows reach all the way up to the space station's level, 240 miles above Earth.

"We can actually fly into the auroras," space station resident Don Pettit said recently. "It's like being shrunk down and put inside of a neon sign."

You've got lots of choices for browsing through auroral sights and other views from space. There's Kuipers' Flickr gallery, the NASA 2Explore Flickr site, NASA's Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth, the Expedition 30 gallery on NASA's Human Spaceflight website, and the Fragile Oasis Facebook page, where astronaut Ron Garan and his colleagues keep track of everything that's out there. To find out when you can see the space station from your locale, consult NASA's database for sighting opportunities.

NASA

This March 6 photo from the International Space Station highlights daybreak on the left side of the horizon, and the southern lights on the right side. The station was flying over the Indian Ocean at the time, or about 1,200 miles south of Australia. The view is toward the east. A Russian Soyuz spacecraft is connected to the Pirs docking compartment at center, and a Russian Progress cargo craft is docked at right.

The space station's astronauts aren't the only ones who are seeing the southern lights: Check out the pictures from New Zealand and Tasmania that are being posted to SpaceWeather.com. And stay tuned: Thanks to a series of solar outbursts over the weekend, heightened geomagnetic activity should continue through Tuesday, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Space Weather Prediction Center. That means there could be still more neon lights in the sky. Check out NOAA's Ovation Auroral Forecast and the University's Aurora Forecast website to find out if you're in the potential aurora zone.

Update for 9:30 p.m. ET: Tonight's northern lights were not to be missed at Sweden's Abisko National Park. "Tonight was very special," photographer Chad Blakley of Lights Over Lapland wrote in an email. "We had incredible auroras and were able to watch them dance as Venus and Jupiter went down behind the mountains." Here's a must-see time-lapse video of the scene:

More auroral glories:


Alan Boyle is msnbc.com's science editor. Connect with the Cosmic Log community by "liking" the log's Facebook page, following @b0yle on Twitter or adding Cosmic Log's Google+ page to your circle. You can also check out "The Case for Pluto," my book about the controversial dwarf planet and the search for other worlds.

Source: http://cosmiclog.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2012/03/12/10656963-southern-exposure-for-northern-lights

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Military Particular Financial loans Can Provide you with a Dollars ...

Lifetime in the navy is often regarded to be enjoyable, with numerous members obtaining themselves in considerably flung corners of the earth. But irregardless how much of the earth in experienced, the financial realities of house has an effect on navy personnel as a great deal as any individual else. That is why the availability of navy private loans is so very important.

With mainstream lending institutions will implement stringent requirements for applicants to observe, some navy folks are unlikely satisfy them. The army everyday life helps make owning a home, land, and possessing business enterprise or other investments, rarities, even while the limitations on income prospective can be restrictive much too. It may make ideal sense then that financial loans for military personnel must have an unique sent of criteria, which mirror the lifestyle needs accurately.

But expenses have to have to be paid out, debts cleared and unexpected bills dealt with, inserting military families under finance stress. For this reason, loan companies supply specifically tailored personalized financial loans for the military since they want of hard cash injections just like the rest of us, but present a safety of revenue that a lot of us do not have.

Army versus Civilian Financial loans

The reason why there are distinctions around army unique loans and loans from regular public banking institutions is merely the versatility. Though each day financial institutions will set especially rigid limitations based mostly on the profits and credit heritage of the applicant, the army loan companies currently know that earnings is almost certain for the reason that it is coming from the government.

Simply because a member of the armed forces is a government employee, the danger of shedding their job is all but eliminated. Meanwhile, the simple fact that the repayment of loans for army personnel can be secured directly from the pay check, there is equivalent certainty that the borrower will not forget their obligations.

There are also gains to the borrower in the kind of reduced interest charges, lengthier terms, larger bank loan sum limits and, generally, no credit history checks to hamper the full course of action. Without a doubt, unique loans for the navy are the finest personal loan offers all-around.

Mortgage Choices

However, even with this sort of the array of breaks, army own loans even now have to be repaid and the borrower have got to stay up to their finance obligations. So, there are some dangers to the loan company, and some boundaries to what can be borrowed.

There are two common personal loan types available, specifically secured and unsecured financial loans. Need to an applicant have belongings to make available as collateral, it can be helpful in developing substantial loans for army personnel, just like all people else, most likely a lot more than $20,000.

Unsecured loans are alot more prevalent, specially in the case of personalized loans for the army. This may possibly end result in a decrease sum remaining permitted, but when this can indicate boundaries of approximately $10,000 for countless civilians, it is conceivable for army personnel to get financial loans of as significantly as $20,000 devoid of protection.

Poor Credit score and Budgetary Concerns

The simple fact that credit histories do not perform a sizeable part in assessing army exclusive financial loans indicates that a bank loan is always feasible. However, the mortgage sum is impacted by credit rating scores, while the particular interest charge charged for the personal loan will also be affected. For these explanations, it is a decent thought to maintain credit scores significant is the most beneficial financial loans for navy personnel are to be secured.

Of training, charges and other debts have to compensated far too, so the terms of personalized loans for the navy will need to in shape into a manageable finances also. Making use of for a mortgage of $thirty,000, for illustration, alternatively of a manageable $20,000 is possible to conclude in disappointment.

A large number of elements of army personnel financial loans are improved to the civilian equivalent, but the obligation to repay is no a smaller amount considerable. For military family members, however, it is reassuring to know that the method is out there for them.

In search of further data personal loans?See our web-site for additional information.

Source: http://www.importcsv.eu/finance/military-particular-financial-loans-can-provide-you-with-a-dollars-injection-of-as-a-good-deal-as-twenty000

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Count on Marketplace Certain Competence pertaining to Business ...

March 12th, 2012 by Grijalva | Filed under Personal.

Choose lawyers hynes to treat your distinctive law. Having lawful apply organizations focusing on management and business rules, strata towns, intelligent property or home and technologies, law suit, plus old attention plus retirement living dwelling, you can trust sector unique know-how. Opt for a lawyer which specializes in private rules if youre a commercial organization to be certain the situation has got the consideration the item deserves. By means of customized remedies plus added in reassurance, make sure you consult with relatives and buddies regarding advice concerning which lawyer these people believe in. Look for economical usual rates nevertheless dont transfer reliability. Its a good idea to ensure the company can allow for a persons event in just a reasonable time line. Fot it end, Hynes Lawyers gives the case the interest the item ought to get, making use of assets in addition to encounter. Hynes Law firms provides the skills youre looking for, no matter whether your situation is large or perhaps small, presenting 1 handling lover along with 6-8 partners.

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Samsung accused by Apple of only partially complying with judge's order

Apple is accusing Samsung of not fully complying with a judge's order to turn over source code, according to Bloomberg. Papers filed Friday in federal court in San Jose by Apple said that the Korean based manufacturer had "only partially complied with" a court order requiring Samsung to turn over to its competitor the source code for some of its products including 4G smartphones and the Samsung GALAXY Tab 10.1 tablet.

The code was to be produced by December 31st at which time Samsung had turned over the source code for just one version of each of the products that Apple says has infringed on its patents. Samsung had apparently withheld the code for other versions. With a trial starting on August 25th, the Cupertino based company is worried that it won't have enough time to analyze any information from Samsung. In the filing, Apple wrote, "At this point in the case, it is too late for Apple to make meaningful use of any late produced source code." With expert reports in the case due in less than two weeks, the iPhone manufacturer says it does not have enough time to analyze any new source code.

Since Samsung allegedly did not deliver all of the required source code to Apple, the latter is asking the court to force Samsung not to rely on the undelivered part of the code in defending itself from Apple's patent infringement claims. Additionally, Apple is asking the court for a ruling that would make the part of the source code that was turned over, "representative of all versions of that product."

Back on December 3rd, the same San Jose based court ruled against Apple's request to block the sale of some Samsung products in the States, following the lifting of a similar injunction placed on Samsung in Australia. The two tech titans have become intimately familiar with each other in the courtroom as they have filed 30 suits against each other on 4 continents since April.

source: Bloomberg

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/phonearena/ySoL/~3/Ps9kEEEXLyE/Samsung-accused-by-Apple-of-only-partially-complying-with-judges-order_id27969

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